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Table of Contents
Distribution
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Preamble
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
Introduction
1. The Organization of the Screen
1.1 Point
1.2 The Echo Area
1.3 The Mode Line
1.4 The Menu Bar
1.5 Kinds of User Input
1.6 Keys
1.7 Keys and Commands
1.8 Character Set for Text
2. Entering and Exiting Emacs
2.1 Exiting Emacs
3. Basic Editing Commands
3.1 Inserting Text
3.2 Changing the Location of Point
3.3 Erasing Text
3.4 Undoing Changes
3.5 Files
3.6 Help
3.7 Blank Lines
3.8 Continuation Lines
3.9 Cursor Position Information
3.10 Numeric Arguments
3.11 Repeating a Command
4. The Minibuffer
4.1 Minibuffers for File Names
4.2 Editing in the Minibuffer
4.3 Completion
4.3.1 Completion Example
4.3.2 Completion Commands
4.3.3 Strict Completion
4.3.4 Completion Options
4.4 Minibuffer History
4.5 Repeating Minibuffer Commands
5. Running Commands by Name
6. Help
6.1 Help Summary
6.2 Documentation for a Key
6.3 Help by Command or Variable Name
6.4 Apropos
6.5 Keyword Search for Lisp Libraries
6.6 Help for International Language Support
6.7 Help Mode Commands
6.8 Other Help Commands
7. The Mark and the Region
7.1 Setting the Mark
7.2 Transient Mark Mode
7.3 Operating on the Region
7.4 Commands to Mark Textual Objects
7.5 The Mark Ring
7.6 The Global Mark Ring
7.7 Deletion and Killing
7.7.1 Deletion
7.7.2 Killing by Lines
7.7.3 Other Kill Commands
7.8 Yanking
7.8.1 The Kill Ring
7.8.2 Appending Kills
7.8.3 Yanking Earlier Kills
7.9 Accumulating Text
7.10 Rectangles
8. Registers
8.1 Saving Positions in Registers
8.2 Saving Text in Registers
8.3 Saving Rectangles in Registers
8.4 Saving Window Configurations in Registers
8.5 Keeping Numbers in Registers
8.6 Keeping File Names in Registers
8.7 Bookmarks
9. Controlling the Display
9.1 Scrolling
9.2 Horizontal Scrolling
9.3 Follow Mode
9.4 Selective Display
9.5 Optional Mode Line Features
9.6 How Text Is Displayed
9.7 Variables Controlling Display
10. Searching and Replacement
10.1 Incremental Search
10.1.1 Slow Terminal Incremental Search
10.2 Nonincremental Search
10.3 Word Search
10.4 Regular Expression Search
10.5 Syntax of Regular Expressions
10.6 Searching and Case
10.7 Replacement Commands
10.7.1 Unconditional Replacement
10.7.2 Regexp Replacement
10.7.3 Replace Commands and Case
10.7.4 Query Replace
10.8 Other Search-and-Loop Commands
11. Commands for Fixing Typos
11.1 Killing Your Mistakes
11.2 Transposing Text
11.3 Case Conversion
11.4 Checking and Correcting Spelling
12. File Handling
12.1 File Names
12.2 Visiting Files
12.3 Saving Files
12.3.1 Backup Files
12.3.1.1 Single or Numbered Backups
12.3.1.2 Automatic Deletion of Backups
12.3.1.3 Copying vs. Renaming
12.3.2 Protection against Simultaneous Editing
12.4 Reverting a Buffer
12.5 Auto-Saving: Protection Against Disasters
12.5.1 Auto-Save Files
12.5.2 Controlling Auto-Saving
12.5.3 Recovering Data from Auto-Saves
12.6 File Name Aliases
12.7 Version Control
12.7.1 Introduction to Version Control
12.7.1.1 Supported Version Control Systems
12.7.1.2 Concepts of Version Control
12.7.2 Version Control and the Mode Line
12.7.3 Basic Editing under Version Control
12.7.3.1 Basic Version Control with Locking
12.7.3.2 Basic Version Control without Locking
12.7.3.3 Features of the Log Entry Buffer
12.7.4 Examining And Comparing Old Versions
12.7.5 The Secondary Commands of VC
12.7.5.1 Registering a File for Version Control
12.7.5.2 VC Status Commands
12.7.5.3 Undoing Version Control Actions
12.7.5.4 Dired under VC
12.7.5.5 VC Dired Commands
12.7.6 Multiple Branches of a File
12.7.6.1 Switching between Branches
12.7.6.2 Creating New Branches
12.7.6.3 Merging Branches
12.7.6.4 Multi-User Branching
12.7.7 Snapshots
12.7.7.1 Making and Using Snapshots
12.7.7.2 Snapshot Caveats
12.7.8 Miscellaneous Commands and Features of VC
12.7.8.1 Change Logs and VC
12.7.8.2 Renaming VC Work Files and Master Files
12.7.8.3 Inserting Version Control Headers
12.7.9 Customizing VC
12.7.9.1 Options for VC Backends
12.7.9.2 VC Workfile Handling
12.7.9.3 VC Status Retrieval
12.7.9.4 VC Command Execution
12.8 File Directories
12.9 Comparing Files
12.10 Miscellaneous File Operations
12.11 Accessing Compressed Files
12.12 Remote Files
12.13 Quoted File Names
13. Using Multiple Buffers
13.1 Creating and Selecting Buffers
13.2 Listing Existing Buffers
13.3 Miscellaneous Buffer Operations
13.4 Killing Buffers
13.5 Operating on Several Buffers
13.6 Indirect Buffers
14. Multiple Windows
14.1 Concepts of Emacs Windows
14.2 Splitting Windows
14.3 Using Other Windows
14.4 Displaying in Another Window
14.5 Forcing Display in the Same Window
14.6 Deleting and Rearranging Windows
15. Frames and X Windows
15.1 Mouse Commands for Editing
15.2 Secondary Selection
15.3 Following References with the Mouse
15.4 Mouse Clicks for Menus
15.5 Mode Line Mouse Commands
15.6 Creating Frames
15.7 Making and Using a Speedbar Frame
15.8 Multiple Displays
15.9 Special Buffer Frames
15.10 Setting Frame Parameters
15.11 Scroll Bars
15.12 Menu Bars
15.13 Using Multiple Typefaces
15.14 Font Lock mode
15.15 Font Lock Support Modes
15.15.1 Fast Lock Mode
15.15.2 Lazy Lock Mode
15.15.3 Fast Lock or Lazy Lock?
15.16 Highlight Changes Mode
15.17 Miscellaneous X Window Features
15.18 Non-Window Terminals
16. International Character Set Support
16.1 Introduction to International Character Sets
16.2 Enabling Multibyte Characters
16.3 Language Environments
16.4 Input Methods
16.5 Selecting an Input Method
16.6 Unibyte and Multibyte Non-ASCII characters
16.7 Coding Systems
16.8 Recognizing Coding Systems
16.9 Specifying a Coding System
16.10 Fontsets
16.11 Defining fontsets
16.12 Single-byte European Character Support
17. Major Modes
17.1 How Major Modes are Chosen
18. Indentation
18.1 Indentation Commands and Techniques
18.2 Tab Stops
18.3 Tabs vs. Spaces
19. Commands for Human Languages
19.1 Words
19.2 Sentences
19.3 Paragraphs
19.4 Pages
19.5 Filling Text
19.5.1 Auto Fill Mode
19.5.2 Explicit Fill Commands
19.5.3 The Fill Prefix
19.5.4 Adaptive Filling
19.6 Case Conversion Commands
19.7 Text Mode
19.8 Outline Mode
19.8.1 Format of Outlines
19.8.2 Outline Motion Commands
19.8.3 Outline Visibility Commands
19.8.4 Viewing One Outline in Multiple Views
19.9 TeX Mode
19.9.1 TeX Editing Commands
19.9.2 LaTeX Editing Commands
19.9.3 TeX Printing Commands
19.10 Nroff Mode
19.11 Editing Formatted Text
19.11.1 Requesting to Edit Formatted Text
19.11.2 Hard and Soft Newlines
19.11.3 Editing Format Information
19.11.4 Faces in Formatted Text
19.11.5 Colors in Formatted Text
19.11.6 Indentation in Formatted Text
19.11.7 Justification in Formatted Text
19.11.8 Setting Other Text Properties
19.11.9 Forcing Enriched Mode
20. Editing Programs
20.1 Major Modes for Programming Languages
20.2 Lists and Sexps
20.3 List And Sexp Commands
20.4 Defuns
20.5 Indentation for Programs
20.5.1 Basic Program Indentation Commands
20.5.2 Indenting Several Lines
20.5.3 Customizing Lisp Indentation
20.5.4 Commands for C Indentation
20.5.5 Customizing C Indentation
20.5.5.1 Step 1--Syntactic Analysis
20.5.5.2 Step 2--Indentation Calculation
20.5.5.3 Changing Indentation Style
20.5.5.4 Syntactic Symbols
20.5.5.5 Variables for C Indentation
20.5.5.6 C Indentation Styles
20.6 Automatic Display Of Matching Parentheses
20.7 Manipulating Comments
20.7.1 Comment Commands
20.7.2 Multiple Lines of Comments
20.7.3 Options Controlling Comments
20.8 Editing Without Unbalanced Parentheses
20.9 Completion for Symbol Names
20.10 Which Function Mode
20.11 Documentation Commands
20.12 Change Logs
20.13 Tags Tables
20.13.1 Source File Tag Syntax
20.13.2 Creating Tags Tables
20.13.3 Selecting a Tags Table
20.13.4 Finding a Tag
20.13.5 Searching and Replacing with Tags Tables
20.13.6 Tags Table Inquiries
20.14 Merging Files with Emerge
20.14.1 Overview of Emerge
20.14.2 Submodes of Emerge
20.14.3 State of a Difference
20.14.4 Merge Commands
20.14.5 Exiting Emerge
20.14.6 Combining the Two Versions
20.14.7 Fine Points of Emerge
20.15 C and Related Modes
20.15.1 C Mode Motion Commands
20.15.2 Electric C Characters
20.15.3 Hungry Delete Feature in C
20.15.4 Other Commands for C Mode
20.15.5 Comments in C Modes
20.16 Fortran Mode
20.16.1 Motion Commands
20.16.2 Fortran Indentation
20.16.2.1 Fortran Indentation Commands
20.16.2.2 Continuation Lines
20.16.2.3 Line Numbers
20.16.2.4 Syntactic Conventions
20.16.2.5 Variables for Fortran Indentation
20.16.3 Fortran Comments
20.16.4 Fortran Auto Fill Mode
20.16.5 Checking Columns in Fortran
20.16.6 Fortran Keyword Abbrevs
20.16.7 Other Fortran Mode Commands
20.17 Asm Mode
21. Compiling and Testing Programs
21.1 Running Compilations under Emacs
21.2 Searching with Grep under Emacs
21.3 Compilation Mode
21.4 Subshells for Compilation
21.5 Running Debuggers Under Emacs
21.5.1 Starting GUD
21.5.2 Debugger Operation
21.5.3 Commands of GUD
21.5.4 GUD Customization
21.6 Executing Lisp Expressions
21.7 Libraries of Lisp Code for Emacs
21.8 Evaluating Emacs-Lisp Expressions
21.9 Lisp Interaction Buffers
21.10 Running an External Lisp
22. Abbrevs
22.1 Abbrev Concepts
22.2 Defining Abbrevs
22.3 Controlling Abbrev Expansion
22.4 Examining and Editing Abbrevs
22.5 Saving Abbrevs
22.6 Dynamic Abbrev Expansion
22.7 Customizing Dynamic Abbreviation
23. Editing Pictures
23.1 Basic Editing in Picture Mode
23.2 Controlling Motion after Insert
23.3 Picture Mode Tabs
23.4 Picture Mode Rectangle Commands
24. Sending Mail
24.1 The Format of the Mail Buffer
24.2 Mail Header Fields
24.3 Mail Aliases
24.4 Mail Mode
24.4.1 Mail Sending
24.4.2 Mail Header Editing
24.4.3 Citing Mail
24.4.4 Mail Mode Miscellany
24.5 Distracting the NSA
24.6 Mail-Composition Methods
25. Reading Mail with Rmail
25.1 Basic Concepts of Rmail
25.2 Scrolling Within a Message
25.3 Moving Among Messages
25.4 Deleting Messages
25.5 Rmail Files and Inboxes
25.6 Multiple Rmail Files
25.7 Copying Messages Out to Files
25.8 Labels
25.9 Rmail Attributes
25.10 Sending Replies
25.11 Summaries
25.11.1 Making Summaries
25.11.2 Editing in Summaries
25.12 Sorting the Rmail File
25.13 Display of Messages
25.14 Editing Within a Message
25.15 Digest Messages
25.16 Converting an Rmail File to Inbox Format
25.17 Reading Rot13 Messages
25.18
movemail
and POP
26. Dired, the Directory Editor
26.1 Entering Dired
26.2 Commands in the Dired Buffer
26.3 Deleting Files with Dired
26.4 Flagging Many Files at Once
26.5 Visiting Files in Dired
26.6 Dired Marks vs. Flags
26.7 Operating on Files
26.8 Shell Commands in Dired
26.9 Transforming File Names in Dired
26.10 File Comparison with Dired
26.11 Subdirectories in Dired
26.12 Moving Over Subdirectories
26.13 Hiding Subdirectories
26.14 Updating the Dired Buffer
26.15 Dired and
find
27. The Calendar and the Diary
27.1 Movement in the Calendar
27.1.1 Motion by Standard Lengths of Time
27.1.2 Beginning or End of Week, Month or Year
27.1.3 Specified Dates
27.2 Scrolling in the Calendar
27.3 Counting Days
27.4 Miscellaneous Calendar Commands
27.5 LaTeX Calendar
27.6 Holidays
27.7 Times of Sunrise and Sunset
27.8 Phases of the Moon
27.9 Conversion To and From Other Calendars
27.9.1 Supported Calendar Systems
27.9.2 Converting To Other Calendars
27.9.3 Converting From Other Calendars
27.9.4 Converting from the Mayan Calendar
27.10 The Diary
27.10.1 Commands Displaying Diary Entries
27.10.2 The Diary File
27.10.3 Date Formats
27.10.4 Commands to Add to the Diary
27.10.5 Special Diary Entries
27.11 Appointments
27.12 Daylight Savings Time
27.13 Gnus
27.13.1 Gnus Buffers
27.13.2 When Gnus Starts Up
27.13.3 Summary of Gnus Commands
27.14 Running Shell Commands from Emacs
27.14.1 Single Shell Commands
27.14.2 Interactive Inferior Shell
27.14.3 Shell Mode
27.14.4 Shell Command History
27.14.4.1 Shell History Ring
27.14.4.2 Shell History Copying
27.14.4.3 Shell History References
27.14.5 Shell Mode Options
27.14.6 Remote Host Shell
27.15 Using Emacs as a Server
27.16 Hardcopy Output
27.17 Postscript Hardcopy
27.18 Variables for Postscript Hardcopy
27.19 Sorting Text
27.20 Narrowing
27.21 Two-Column Editing
27.22 Editing Binary Files
27.23 Saving Emacs Sessions
27.24 Recursive Editing Levels
27.25 Emulation
27.26 Dissociated Press
27.27 Other Amusements
28. Customization
28.1 Minor Modes
28.2 Variables
28.2.1 Examining and Setting Variables
28.2.2 Easy Customization Interface
28.2.2.1 Customization Groups
28.2.2.2 Changing an Option
28.2.2.3 Customizing Faces
28.2.2.4 Customizing Specific Items
28.2.3 Hooks
28.2.4 Local Variables
28.2.5 Local Variables in Files
28.3 Keyboard Macros
28.3.1 Basic Use
28.3.2 Naming and Saving Keyboard Macros
28.3.3 Executing Macros with Variations
28.4 Customizing Key Bindings
28.4.1 Keymaps
28.4.2 Prefix Keymaps
28.4.3 Local Keymaps
28.4.4 Minibuffer Keymaps
28.4.5 Changing Key Bindings Interactively
28.4.6 Rebinding Keys in Your Init File
28.4.7 Rebinding Function Keys
28.4.8 Named ASCII Control Characters
28.4.9 Non-ASCII Characters on the Keyboard
28.4.10 Rebinding Mouse Buttons
28.4.11 Disabling Commands
28.5 Keyboard Translations
28.6 The Syntax Table
28.7 The Init File,
`~/.emacs'
28.7.1 Init File Syntax
28.7.2 Init File Examples
28.7.3 Terminal-specific Initialization
28.7.4 How Emacs Finds Your Init File
28.8 Quitting and Aborting
28.9 Dealing with Emacs Trouble
28.9.1 If
DEL
Fails to Delete
28.9.2 Recursive Editing Levels
28.9.3 Garbage on the Screen
28.9.4 Garbage in the Text
28.9.5 Spontaneous Entry to Incremental Search
28.9.6 Running out of Memory
28.9.7 Recovery After a Crash
28.9.8 Emergency Escape
28.9.9 Help for Total Frustration
28.10 Reporting Bugs
28.10.1 When Is There a Bug
28.10.2 Understanding Bug Reporting
28.10.3 Checklist for Bug Reports
28.10.4 Sending Patches for GNU Emacs
28.11 Contributing to Emacs Development
28.12 How To Get Help with GNU Emacs
A. Command Line Arguments
A.1 Action Arguments
A.2 Initial Options
A.3 Command Argument Example
A.4 Resuming Emacs with Arguments
A.5 Environment Variables
A.5.1 General Variables
A.5.2 Miscellaneous Variables
A.6 Specifying the Display Name
A.7 Font Specification Options
A.8 Window Color Options
A.9 Options for Window Geometry
A.10 Internal and External Borders
A.11 Frame Titles
A.12 Icons
A.13 X Resources
A.14 Lucid Menu X Resources
A.15 Motif Menu X Resources
B. Emacs 19 Antinews
C. Emacs and MS-DOS
C.1 Keyboard and Mouse on MS-DOS
C.2 Display on MS-DOS
C.3 File Names on MS-DOS
C.4 Text Files and Binary Files
C.5 Printing and MS-DOS
C.6 International Support on MS-DOS
C.7 Subprocesses on MS-DOS
C.8 Subprocesses on Windows 95 and NT
C.9 Using the System Menu on Windows
The GNU Manifesto
What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!
Why I Must Write GNU
Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix
How GNU Will Be Available
Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help
How You Can Contribute
Why All Computer Users Will Benefit
Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals
Glossary
D. Acknowledgments
Key (Character) Index
Command and Function Index
Variable Index
Concept Index
This document was generated by
GNU software owner
on
June, 14 2000
using
texi2html